Which state refused to relinquish their western land after the Constitution was ratified?

The correct choice in this context is the state of Georgia. After the Constitution was ratified, Georgia was one of the states involved in territorial disputes concerning western land. Notably, Georgia was reluctant to relinquish its claims to land west of the Appalachian Mountains, which included territories that were contested and desired by neighboring states and the federal government.

Georgia’s refusal stemmed from the state's interest in expanding its territory for settlement and economic opportunities. This stance contributed to the political tensions of the era, as western land claims were a significant issue in early American governance. The matter of western land was further complicated by the fact that many original thirteen states had made land claims in the western territories, leading to conflicts and negotiations with the federal government.

Understanding the historical context of state claims on western lands is crucial in studies of early American history and the functioning of state versus federal authority during this period. This also highlights the complexities in the formation of the United States and the challenges of balancing states' rights with national policies.